#philosophy

"Jürgen Habermas in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy"

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“Philosophy's position with regard to science, which at one time could be designated with the name "theory of knowledge," has been undermined by the movement of philosophical thought itself. Philosophy was dislodged from this position by philosophy.”

“If we compare the third-person attitude of someone who simply says how things stand with the performative attitude of someone who tries to understand what is said to him , the implications … become clear. … First, interpreters relinquish superiority that observers have by virtue of their privileged position, in that they themselves are drawn, at least potentially, into negotiations about the meaning and validity of utterances. By taking part in communicative action, they accept in principle the same status as those whose utterances they are trying to understand. … It is impossible to decide a priori who is to learn from whom.”

“The interpretation of a case is corroborated only by the successful continuation of a self-formative process, that is by the completion of self-reflection, and not in any unmistakable way by what the patient says or how he behaves”

“The task of universal pragmatics is to identify and reconstruct universal conditions of possible mutual understanding.”

“The speaker must choose a comprehensible expression so that speaker and hearer can understand one another.”

“Science can only be comprehended epistemologically, which means as one category of possible knowledge, as long as knowledge is not equated either effusively with the absolute knowledge of a great philosophy or blindly with scientistic self-understanding of the actual business of research.”